All signs seem to indicate that Star Wars was always known in Japan by its English title, transcribed into Japanese script: スター・ウォーズ (sutā∙wōzu) (and, say, “Death Star” was also left in English).
In Chinese, on the other hand, it got a fairly close translation, 星球大战/星際大戰. (And apparently “Skywalker” was translated - as 天行者 (which could mean skywalker, I think)).