In my mind, history in any SW universe is immutable; travel through time cannot change what has been and what will be. So, if Luke were to travel into the past, he would

A. Do nothing which could alter the timeline

B. Actually cause Anakin to become Vader and the Empire to come into existence

Of course, if he were to travel into the past of an alternate universe with a timeline identical to his own prior to his point of arrival, he could prevent Anakin's fall/Palpatine's rise in that world, which would circumvent the whole "immutable timeline" deal while effectively simulating the effects of actually having altered history.

TL;DR: My answer is no, not really, but yes, from a certain point of view, provided the idea was executed plausibly.