I'm now writing this from the fixed desktop computer running on the ASUS board with full 32GB of RAM.
I still can't be 100% sure it will run smoothly, especially since I didn't re-instal the OS, but so far it has. I was trying to pick a mobo with similar enough specks to the old one to increase the probability of not having to re-instal and it seems like it worked.
Now we'll see how attempting to return the old one will work out.