Also, could you outline a typical church service (I'm not sure what you call it, but you know what I mean)? I'm curious to see how it compares to the Catholic Mass. I'm sure it's quite different, but I'd be interested to know.

EDIT: In more detail than given here, if you can:

http://www.mormon.org/faq/church-welcome-visitors

I'm specifically interested in the sacrament meeting. Does it have a specific structure, or is what is given on that webpage about everything that they all have in common?

Catholic Masses have a very specific structure and set readings, liturgical seasons, etc., which I personally enjoy quite a bit. It allows a person to get into the Mass a bit better if they're able to almost memorize it over time.