Day 1:
Leia ship is attacked, droids plummit to planet, C-3PO pisses off R2 and the two separate, (evening) both droids are captured by Jawas
Day 2:
Droids are bought by Owen, Luke looses droids
Day 3:
(morning) Luke finds droids, meets up with Obi-Wan, (afternoon) Luke's family is dead/drive to Mos Eisly, escape on Falcon
Day 4:
(early AM) Reach remains of Alderaan (based on Han's military time comment "We'll be there by 0100 hours"), pulled into Death Star, rescue of Princess, escape from Death Star, flight to Yavin 4, (early evening) decoding of R2's files, briefing, attack on the Death Star/destruction, return to base
Day 5:
Awards Celebration
(this is where I take some creative leave - How long did it take to get to the detention center to get Leia? I say a good hour and a half. How long did it take to get back to the ship? About the same. How long of a flight to Yavin? I say they reached Yavin 12 - 14 hours after the gang first found the remains of Alderaan)