Were any SFX heard that was taken from the PT? for example ship engines, blaster shots, droid sounds, etc.
The pirate Sidon Ithano at Maz’s castle (the one who Finn approaches to run away) wears a Kaleesh mask. General Grievous (a former Kaleesh) wore one such mask as a faceplate.
The ships among the citizen fleet in TROS include Naboo N-1 Starfighters (those are the ones TestingOutTheTest refers to. The Nubians are the royal cruisers).
The helmets of the Sith Troopers greatly resemble the Phase II clone trooper helmets.
Are there any other objects or ships like the ones already mentioned that appear throughout the ST?
“The dark side of the force is a pathway to many abilities some consider to be unnatural.” Was said in TROS.
What other lines from the PT were quoted in the ST?
For a more straightforward callback, there is a battle droid in Babu Frik’s droid shop in TROS.
That scene where you can see the battle droid in the background was only shown in the final trailer. It isn’t shown in the film.