I mean Kylo literally said, “Show me again, the power of the darkness”. Clearly the mask is showing him visions, and it isn’t a huge leap to assume that means there was conversation as well. To me, Kylo’s arc in TLJ is actually him becoming aware of what living up to Vader’s legacy truly means. Vader didn’t care about the Jedi or the Sith. All he cared about was ruling the galaxy and forgetting about his tragic past, which is exactly what Kylo seeks to do after TLJ. Vader always wanted to destroy Palpatine, and Kylo lived up to that by killing his own master. If he had truly abandoned his quest he would have destroyed Vader’s mask just like his own. I think he just realized how childish it was to assume that just because he had a mask meant he was more like Vader, so in his anger he destroyed it. He only reforged it when he felt he was worthy enough to wear it again.

TL;DR Version: Snoke didn’t crush Kylo’s Vader persona, he only strengthened it.