Reading TV Tropes inspired me to pull this thread out of the mothballs.
CHEKHOV'S GUN
The writer Tony Chekhov famously said that if a gun is placed on the mantle and it's NOT fired by act three, why was it placed on the mantle? He was commenting in his autobiography about the importance of not introducing elements to a story that serve no function.
If you come across this term in critical discussions of art it usually is used to mean one of three things.
- Something that happened before is refrenced again or a character and situation that appeared earlier reappears.
"Having Spike come back on the Buffy series after his initial character arc was complete is such a great example of Chekhov's Gun!"
- A plot point that will be important later is introduced. This is a stupid use of the term because every plot point has to be introduced at some part of the story before it becomes important.
"Ben giving Luke a lightsaber is such a Chekhov's gun moment, because we know at some point Luke is going to use it!"
- Someone makes a prediction for how a story wil play out, and it plays out differently, prompting the predictor to slam the artist for having "Chekhov's guns not firing."
"Dumbledore being really dead is so lame because --INSERT ELABORATE SERIES OF CLUES GLEANED FROM THE FIRST SIX BOOKS HERE-- and obviously JK Rowlings have never heard of Chekhov's gun!"
There might be more valid uses for it, which would be commenting on plot points introduced that don't directly pay off, but since Chekhov meant his comment to be used in the crafting of a story, not in the analysis of one, using this term seems like a dismissal of analysis instead of serving any actual function.
"The sorority house mother with the drinking problem in "Black Christmas" never paid off. She was killed, but she wasn't drunk at the time, so her drinking was superfluous"
"Sir, I would argue that her drinking problem was an interesting character bit that helped set the overall mood of the film."
"No! It's a Chekhov's Gun that wasn't fired!! So there!! Chekhov Chekhov Chekhov!!"
I propose that the term has been rendered meaningless for use in critique both by misuse and by its original intent, and should be striken from the record. In all cases there are perfectly acceptable substitutes with clearer meanings.