Yeah, none of the languages in the Star Wars movies are full-on languages, like Elvish, Na'vi, or (apparently) Klingon.

There are some words that seem to mean something, though. For instance, the prequels make it pretty clear that poodoo is Huttese for "shit." Interestingly, in ROTJ, it's translated as "fodder," but I think it's funny to imagine that Jabba really calls Han a piece of Bantha shit.

Aurebesh, and other Star Wars alphabets, on the other hand, definitely are fully-fledged, in that each symbol is a substitute for a real Roman letter. This isn't the case in the original trilogy so much (the text on the screens in Return of the Jedi are simply gibberish, I've tried transliterating them to Roman text before), but in the example you've given about the tractor beam letters, it transliterates directly back into the English seen in the original version.